Shingle



Aug. 19, 1952 J. L. KILLINGSWORTH 2,607,304- SHINGLE Fil ed March 13, 1948 M wk 2. izzeais 5 2% 52w My W30 11!! Patented Aug. 19, 1952 SHINGLE Joseph L.Killingsworth,Des ltfloinesJowa Q, I 7 Application March 13, 1948, Serial u nes (arms-'1) Claims.

1 o The present invention relates to a shingle to be applied as a roof covering; a shingle used as a siding cover or for any covering purpose to make a structure water tight and weather proof. More particularly, it relates to an interlocking shingle, made of any suitable material and when laid on a roof, the shingles interlock to give a covering forming a series of hexagonal designs.

In roof coverings, shingles have been used with great success for many years. Interlocking shingles have been used heretofore and interlocking shingles that give a hexagonal design effect on a roof. The hexagon design efiect makes a nice looking roof, pleasing to the eye and is desirable from the point that it improves the looks of a structure. A hexagonal design roof has another advantage in that water coming down over the roof runs away from side lap leaks and has little chance to get under the shingle and to the nail hole points to leak through the roof sheathing. This tendsto give a more positive tight roof. I

It is an object of the invention among others ,to provide an interlocking shingle that gives a hexagonal design on a roof when assembled with other shingles and laid on a roof; an interlocking shingle that allows assembly without binding; allows accurate lining up over the sides of assembled shingles to form a hexagon and a shingle assembly that is held fast even though a windstorm tends to lift the shingles; a shingle when adjoining shingles are attached that requires only one attaching means with said attaching means being so protected that leakage can never occur through holes in the shingles made by the attaching means; a shingle possessing aligning means to indicate to an applicator that the shingle being assembled is in place with regard to the already assembled shingles; a shingle that may be cut or stamped from a blank of material without any waste in cutting or stamping; a shingle wherein the installation cost is held to a minimum and is much cheaper to install than any known shingle today; a shingle that makes a durable and long lasting covering when applied; a shingle simple and economical to manufacture; and a shingle that can easily be replaced in an existing covering if need arises for repair.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be more fully described hereinafter and will beparticularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or corresponding parts throughout the #several viewsi 1 Figure 1 shows a sheetof material of a certain width and the manner ofcutting the shingles from the sheet of material. I

Figure 2 is-a plan view of the shingle shown in Figurel.

Figure 3 is aplan view showing the shingle of Figure 2 laid in several courses and with someof the covered portions of the shingle shown in dotted line. I v

' The shingle has a top portion-2l and 'a bottom portion 22 with a locking ledge portion 23 separating the top portion 2| from the bottom portion 22. Y The distance from the bottom of the shingle to the locking ledge portion is 9 inches. Locking tabs 24 and 25 extend from each side of the lower end of the bottom portion 22 of the shingle. The shingle has a projecting portion 26 and tab 21 extending outwardly from each side of the top portion 21 of each'shingle. The projections 26 and tabs 21 on adjoining assembled shingles overlap when the shinglesare assembled with theoverlapping tabs 2'! providing nailing points to attach the assembled shingles to a roof. The overlapping projections 26 eliminate any possible space between adjoining shingles below the water-line of I adjoining shingles when assembled. The shingles now in common usage abut at the top portion of adjacent shingles. In the present structure the overlapping projections 26 allow a little spreading between the adjacent shingles without eliminating coverage over a limited area between top portions of adjacent shingles.

The locking ledges 23 extend downwardly for a substantial distance,at an angle to a vertical line 2020 throughthe center of the shingle along its length. The angular tilt of the locking ledge 23 forms a wedging surface to receive looking tabs 24 or 25. If wind pressure gets under the 'shingleand tends to lift the shingle, the locking tabs 24 or 25 ride on the locking ledges 23 and continued outward movement of the looking tabs 24 or 25 on looking ledges 23 makes a tighter wedgingbetween the locking tabs 24 and 25 and locking ledges 23 and thus prevents removal of the locking tabs 24 and 25 from the locking-ledges 23 and to prevent disassembly of the shingles. The innermost ends 32 of the ledge portions 23 extends a distance equal to the thickness of the material from which the shingles are cut, above a line 33'33 passing through the center of the locking ledges 23 with the line 33-33 being perpendicular to the line 20-20 through the-center of the shingle along its length. The outermost-ends 34 of each locking ledge 23 extends belowthe line 33-33, a distance equal to ,from which the shingles are out, which sheet-of.

material may be sheet metal of any metal suit-' able for a roof covering or anyother. covering.1..

The sheet of material is 36 inches wideandof. 7 any length desired. The separate shingles can be stamped from the sheet of material as shown in Figure 1 without any waste of sheet material.

If the shingles are to bemadefrom afeltasphalt base material coated with slate or rock granules,

the separate shingles maybe cut,- in awellknown manner-in this art,-,from a sheet of material 36 inches in width and of any length without any waste of material in the-cutting. This is very importantin manufacture. or cutting of the shingles, becausewaste materialadds to the cost of the shingles and further the wastematerial cannotbe salvaged for anyipurposeor use. Further, waste materialmust be removed/as wit collects and arfurther expense is incurred in that additionalmen are required to removethe waste material. Cutting the shingles without waste is a definite advantage in that it econserves .material andreduces cost of-manufacture. 25

In applying the shinglesas shown in Figure 3, the first course is established along the loweredge ofaroof with thelowerportion 22-of each shingle being cut-offto establish the base linei38 along the lower edge ofsaroof, apractice well known to applicatqrs in getting thecovering started .:up a-roof, The-shingle 3915 in place on the roof with shingles -40and;'4l;assembled toz-sh-i-ngle 39 to make theenextcourse upsthe roof; The locking. tab 24-onshingle-4landithe locking tab 251cm 5 shinglesl ll fitunder shingle .39; as shown in. dotted linein- Figure Sand rideia-gainst lockingleclges 23f The shingle -40-with the locking.;tab. 25; is pulled upwardly until the innermost endof lockingtab 25 .cont-acts, side. Wallportion-31 after which shingle-'40 :ispnliedtupwardlyauntil :the innermostend of loekingtab 25 contacts-the innermost'endsz of thelocking ledge 23 ofthe shingle 39 when the assembledshingleflis in place. The innermost .ends32 oftthelockingwledgei23 allows accurate lining of shingle to lineup the sides for the hexagon. and: to be .in' approximately proper place for attaching-when shingle 4l;.is

assembled. Shingle-:41 now .has locking tabi'd' assembled with locking ledge 23 on theother side of shingle 39in the-:same manner. as just described fcr shingle 40; and shingles 40"and'4 I are now pulled into position where: tabs 21 and projections 26- overlap. The applicator-then: drives in place. When the points 44 align with the top edge 43 of a lower course, the applicator is assured the shingle being applied is in place. Further the points 36 serve as a second aligning means in that the shingle being applied is in proper position with relation to the shingles already applied when the points 36 align with the bottom edge 38 of each shingle being applied.

The side wall'35 ofeach shingle aligns with the upwardly and inwardly extending side wall portion 31 when the shingles are assembled to form the side walls of the hexagon design when the shingles are on a roof. The side wall 31 allows the shingles to be interlocked and aligns with side wall 35 to eliminate any break in the side walls. of the hexagon design on the roof.

As the courses advance on the roof, each course advances the roof covering upwardly 9 inches. The attaching means 42 for adjacent shingles is so situated when the covering is completed, that waterrunning down over the covering can never geti-totheattaching means 42 to leak through the. holes i-ntabs, 2 The sides forming the hexagon always direct any 1 water flowing; away from theeattachin-g means 42-and thewater if it did get-under the-shingle would have to travel a maximum distance beiorereaching a nail hole. There is: little v or no likelihood of wind driving water, under the bottom portions of thes ngles and having suflicient force to drive the water to the-holes made by the attaching means 42 inview of the secure interlockbetween adjoining shingles and the distance the' water would be forced to travel to reach the attaching means42. i y 7 v The. nail 42 goes through .threeshingles-when the shing-lesgare assembled which thus gives a more -secure joint. The: overlapping projections 26 0i; adjoining 1 shingles I are advantageous and important that they; prevent water gettingjto any point of leakage when thefshingles are ;assembled on the roof. As.will be seen'theoverlapping projections 25 of -shingles 4fl-and 41 are above: a possible water line-43 when shingles 40 ands-4i are assembled. The projections 26-are triangularin shape and the apexesof the overlapping triangles- 26 come to a common point; The tabs 21 which overlap are triangular in shape and the apexes of -the'tabsk2l come to a common point at theecommcn point where .thea-pexes of the'triangular projections 26 meet.

With this type-of Shingle, 96 shingles are necessary-per square;:-- square: inches per shingle is exposedwhen laid-j as.- a'covering; 96" nails. per equare are-used persquare'toattach the coverin hto' a S face; andzthe weightiof a squarejof shingles when cutfrom' standard weight asphalte felt-base 'material islfiFIto pounds approximately per square."

Each side of the hexagon of this speciesis seven and one-half -i-nehes,- and the top andlbots. tom: of the-hexagon=is;seven*andone-half inches:

The {locking tabs li and :25 are spaced -approxi-;

matelytwelve inchesirom edge toedge. The hexagon design-on-the roof is-fifteen inches high andtwelve-inches'wide. g p e It :will -beunderstood. that the; invention has been described for purposes of-illustration and explanatiohand that changes and variations are possible without departi-Iig'from'thescope orthe invention. All such modifications and changes are intended to be included inthe appended claims.-

I'claim':

1. An interlocking shingle having upperwand lower body portions, the lower portion being of less width than the upper portion, a locking tab at each side of the bottom portion of the shingle, locking ledge portions on each side of the shingle between the upper and lower portions to receive the locking tabs of adjoining shingles when the shingles are assembled on a roof and said locking ledge portions extending outwardly and downwardly relative to said lower body portion to form wedging surfaces for the locking tabs to prevent removal of the locking tabs from the locking ledges, the edge of said locking ledge portions each extending outwardly to a point constituting the bottom side ends of said upper body portions; said ends then converging upwardly to form a locking tab at each side of said shingle, thence extending upwardly and outwardly for a distance greater than the upwardly converging portion and thence converging downwardly to form a locking tab at each upper side of said shingle and thence extending upwardly to form substantially a right angle with the top edge of the upper body portion.

2. An interlocking shingle having upper and lower body portions, the lower portion being of less width than the upper portion, locking tabs at each side of the bottom portion of the shingle,

ledge portions on each side of the shingle between the upper and lower portions to receive the looking tabs of adjoining shingles when assembled on a roof, said locking ledge portions extending from their inwardly point outwardly and downwardly relative to said lower body portion to form wedging surfaces for the locking tabs to prevent removal of the locking tabs from the locking ledges, the lateral outwardly extremities of said locking ledge portions defining the bottom side ends of said upper body portions; said ends then converging upwardly to form a locking tab at each side of said shingle, thence extending upwardly and outwardly for a distance greater than the upwardly converging portion and thence converging downwardly to form a locking tab at each upper side of said shingle and thence extending upwardly to form substantially a right angle with the top edge of the upper body portion, the side walls of the lower portion of the shingle extending upwardly and outwardly to a point below the locking ledges, said side walls then extending upwardly and inwardly until reaching the locking ledge portions, the exposed area of said shingles when assembled on the roof giving a hexagonal design by the locking tabs fitting under the shingle to which it is attached and having a portion contacting the locking ledges which aligns the upwardly and inwardly extending portions on each shingle with the upwardly and outwardly extending portions of an attached shingle to form side walls of the hexagon.

3. An interlocking shingle having upper and lower body portions, the lower portion being of less width than the upper portion, a locking tab at each side of the bottom portion of the shingle, locking ledge portions on each side of the shingle between the upper and lower portions to receive the locking tabs of adjoining shingles when the shingles are assembled on a roof and said locking ledge portions extending outwardly and downwardly relative to said lower body portion to form wedging surfaces for the locking tabs to prevent removal of the locking tabs from the locking ledges, the edge of said locking ledge portions each extending outwardly to a point constituting the bottom side ends of said upper body portions; said ends then converging upwardly to form a locking tab at each side of said shingle, thence portion; said last mentioned locking tabs being triangular projections capable of overlapping on adjoining shingles below the locking ledge portions of adjoining shingles when shingles are assembled on a roof.

4. In a shingle cut from a single sheet and having an upper and lower portion; said upper portion being substantally rectangular in shape, said lower portion being of a width greater than its height, a locking tab at each side of the bottom portion of said shingle, said tabs each having an outer vertical edge with their respective top edges converging downwardly to join said lower portion, a locking ledge porton at each side of the bottom of the upper portion of said shingle and extending outwardly and downwardly relative to said lower portion, a locking tab on the outer end of each locking ledge portion, a notch in each of the two top corners of theupper portion of said shingle; said two lower corners of said upper portion each being less than that of a right angle, said lower portion having its two side edges each extending first downwardly and outwardly and then downwardly and inwardly.

5. An interlocking shingle having upper and lower body portions, a lower portion being of less width than the upper portion, a locking tab at each side of the bottom portion of the shingle, said tabs each having an outer vertical edge with their respective top edges converging downwardly to join said lower portion, locking ledge portions on'each side of the shingle between the upper and lower portions to receive the locking tabs of adjoining shingles when the shingles are assembled on a roof and said locking ledge portions extending outwardly and downwardly relative to said lower body portion to form wedging surfaces for the locking tabs to prevent removal of the locking tabs from the locking ledges, the edge of said locking ledge portions each extending outwardly to a point constituting the bottom side ends of said upper body portions; said ends then converging upwardly to form a locking tab at each'side of said shingle, thence extending upwardly and outwardlyfor a distance greater than the upwardly converging portion and thence converging downwardly to form a locking tab at each upper side of said shingle and thence extending upwardly to form substantially a right angle with the top edge of the upper body portion; said last mentioned locking tabs being triangular projections capable of overlapping on adjoining shingles below the locking ledge portions of adjoining shingles when shingles are assembled on a roof.

JOSEPH L. KILLINGSWORTE.

suspensions cram The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,050,218 Abraham Aug. 4, 1936 2,086,137 Ritter July 6, 1937 2,444,623 Abraham July 6, 1948 2,460,353 Killingsworth Feb. 1, 1949 

